What was iranian revolution of 1979

Nevertheless, even 40 years after the revolution, the GCC remains divided on the most important issues in Arab-Iranian relations. The first demand addressed Iranian-Qatari ties, which the ATQ sees as threatening GCC security, and insisted that Doha scale back diplomatic relations with Tehran, close the Iranian mission in Qatar, expel Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps members, end military and intelligence cooperation, and comply with US and international sanctions on trade.

Yet as a result of the blockade, Qatar was essentially forced to deepen its relations with Iran. Put simply, the Qataris understood that working with Iran on a pragmatic basis to address their vital strategic objectives was their only option, notwithstanding issues that had previously been a major source of friction, such as the Syrian war.

Oman has long maintained the best relationship with Iran among the GCC members. Oman also shares the strategic Strait of Hormuz with Iran, and it has long pursued an independent relationship with the Islamic Republic that has, at times, irked the leadership in Abu Dhabi and Riyadh.

Oman has aimed to serve as a diplomatic bridge between Iran and other GCC members, as well as their Western allies. The success of the U. The war with Iraq, international isolation, a low-level urban guerrilla war, and a series of bloody purges created conditions where public nonviolent opposition to the regime during the subsequent decade became virtually impossible.

Ultra-conservative clerics and their supporters reconsolidated their hold on power by , but popular demand for change continued to grow among significant segments of the Iranian population, which resulted in the popular uprising following apparently stolen presidential elections in June Learn more about our work here.

Hundreds of past and present cases of nonviolent civil resistance exist. To make these cases more accessible, ICNC compiled summaries of some of them between the years You can find these summaries here. Each summary aims to provide a clear perspective on the role that nonviolent civil resistance has played or is playing in a particular case. To support scholars and educators who are designing curricula and teaching this subject, we also offer an Academic Online Curriculum AOC , which is a free, extensive, and regularly updated online resource with over 40 different modules on civil resistance topics and case studies.

The Iranian Revolution Download PDF Version By Stephen Zunes April The Iranian Revolution of was the first in a series of mass popular civil insurrections which would result in the overthrow of authoritarian regimes in dozens of countries over the next three decades.

Strategic Actions The Iranian revolution relied on many methods of unarmed insurrection—such as demonstrations, strikes, boycotts, contestation of public space, and the establishment of parallel institutions—that would be used in the Philippines, Latin America, Eastern Europe and elsewhere in subsequent years. Ensuing Events The success of the U. Looking at the ever-shifting sands in Iran, it is only logical to wonder if the constant struggle to define the Islamic Republic means what started decades ago is still rolling towards either a more moderate or conservative state.

Published On 11 Feb That fear set in motion conflicts and alliances that, 35 years later, still shape the region. And this too had its consequences: It invited the US as a major military force into the region. Yet they were quite similar with regard to some of their basic characteristics, which may also help explain many of the divergences between them. Both were revolts of the society against the state. Many of the traditional forces backing the Constitutional Revolution regretted it after the event, as did many of the modernists who participated in the revolution of February , when the outcome ran contrary to their own best hopes and wishes.

But no argument would have made them withdraw their support before the collapse of the respective regimes. There were those in both revolutions who saw that total revolutionary triumph would make some, perhaps many, of the revolutionaries regret the results afterwards, but very few of them dared to step forward.

Sheikh Fazlollah in the earlier case and Shahpur Bakhtiar in the later are noteworthy examples. But they were both doomed because they had no social base, or in other words, they were seen as having joined the side of the state, however hard they denied it.

In a revolt against an arbitrary state, whoever wants anything short of its removal is branded a traitor.